Your cervical care guide by the decade

Prevention is better than cure. This is a phrase we’ve all heard numerous times from doctors and medical experts and there’s a reason it’s stood the test of time. Because it’s true – prevention will always be the first and best line of defense with any disease or health condition.

One of which is cervical cancer. Understandably, cancer is a frightening disease to contend with, which is probably why many of us shy away from getting regular health checks that could spot potential problems well in time.

Here’s a gentle checklist to help you stay ahead of cervical cancer as you get older – whether you’re in your 30s, 40s, 50s or beyond.

Teenagers and HPV vaccination

According to the Cancer Association of South Africa (CANSA), “The most effective way to lower risk for HPV is to be vaccinated against it. HPV vaccination can prevent 90% of cervical and anal cancers and most other cancers caused by HPV.”

The good news is that the vaccine is provided free of charge every year to girls between Grade 4 and 7 (9 to 12 years of age) in all government schools. Even as an adult you can also benefit from the HPV vaccination. If you haven’t had the vaccine and you’re under 45, speak to your doctor. Even if you’ve had HPV before, the vaccine may protect you from other high-risk strains.

From your 20s: Pap smear

For adult women, it’s important to prioritise your Pap smear. The tricky thing is that cervical cancer may develop slowly and doesn’t usually cause symptoms in the early stages. This is why health checks are essential. Speak to your doctor and get the consensus on when you need to start Pap smears.

Generally, from ages 21 to 29, it’s necessary every three years. From ages 30 to 65, every three years and over 65, you may stop screening only if you’ve had regular tests with normal results for the past 10 years.

All ages: know your risk factors

As we get older, some health risks increase. This is true with cervical cancer as well. So, keep in mind that your risk for cervical cancer may be more pronounced if:

• You have never had a screening or have been inconsistent with Pap smears.
• You have previously had an HPV (human papillomavirus) infection.
• You are a smoker.
• Your immune system is typically weaker, perhaps due to other health conditions or HIV.
• You have given birth to many children, especially at a young age.

40s: stay consistent

Your results are all-clear and you feel safe, safe enough to discard future screenings. But cervical cancer can still develop quietly, so keep up with regular check-ups throughout your 40s.

From your 50s: review your screening plan with your doctor

Your doctor may adjust how often you’re screened based on your health history, previous results, and any new risk factors. This is a good time to re-evaluate your personal plan.

Over 65: know when it’s safe to stop

If you’ve had 10 years of regular, normal results, you may be able to stop screening, but only on your doctor’s advice. This decision should be based on your full medical history.

All ages: practise safe sexual health

Safe sex is necessary at all ages. This means using condoms and avoiding high-risk sexual behaviours to help reduce your chances of HPV infection.

All ages: support your immune system

A strong immune system can help your body fight off HPV before it causes problems. Focus on a diet that offers plenty of nutrients, exercise regularly, get enough sleep, and manage stress.

Disclaimer

This article is for informational purposes only. Always check with your doctor or medical practitioner about any health concerns, before embarking on any fitness or nutrition programme, or using any medication.